Groundwater sampling – Monitoring wells are often installed to check groundwater levels and to monitor groundwater contamination on sites of environmental concern. 
Wetland determinations and delineations – Wetlands are important for flood control and effective at filtering and cleaning polluted water. The Clean Water Act protects wetlands by limiting destruction and creating strict mitigation requirements if wetlands are disturbed. The 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual is used to identify and delineate wetlands.
Surface water quality evaluation – The water quality in streams and lakes is evaluated using the Hoosier Riverwatch Method, IDEM's Office of Water Quality and Ohio EPA's Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index, and USEPA's Rapid Bioassessment Protocols.
